通常由鋼鐵材料制成的釬、鎬、錘、鉗、扳手、吊具等工具與設備在激烈動作或失手跌落時發生的摩擦、撞擊火花時隱蔽的點火源,因此在危險環境中安裝設備需要使用不發生摩擦及撞擊火花,甚至不產生熾熱高溫表面,由特殊材料制成的專用防爆工具。
鋼鐵(tie)(tie)材料的硬度(du)(du)時(shi)隨(sui)含碳量的增加而提高(gao)的,而鋼鐵(tie)(tie)材料中(zhong)的碳時(shi)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)摩擦(ca)火花的根(gen)源。防爆工(gong)具(ju)采用銅(tong)(tong)合金(jin),在強度(du)(du)和硬度(du)(du)都較低(di)的純銅(tong)(tong)中(zhong)添加鈹(pi)、鋁、鈦(tai)、鎳(nie)、鎂(mei)等(deng)熔煉(lian)成銅(tong)(tong)基(ji)合金(jin),強度(du)(du)和硬度(du)(du)得到提高(gao),由于(yu)不含碳摩擦(ca)或(huo)撞(zhuang)擊(ji)時(shi)不會產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)火花;銅(tong)(tong)合金(jin)的強度(du)(du)、硬度(du)(du)及導熱(re)性都比鋼鐵(tie)(tie)材料好,局部摩擦(ca)點會發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)塑性變形而避免摩擦(ca)能量集中(zhong)在個(ge)別接觸點上,并且能將摩擦(ca)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的熱(re)量迅速分散到基(ji)體而減少摩擦(ca)撞(zhuang)擊(ji)點出現熾(chi)熱(re)高(gao)溫的危險。
當前(qian)工(gong)業上已由鉸青銅(tong)(tong)(tong)、鋁青銅(tong)(tong)(tong)、J892銅(tong)(tong)(tong)合金等多(duo)種銅(tong)(tong)(tong)基(ji)合金成功地應用在防爆(bao)工(gong)具中(zhong)。防(fang)爆工(gong)(gong)(gong)具一般分為防(fang)爆手工(gong)(gong)(gong)具、防(fang)爆氣動和液動工(gong)(gong)(gong)具以(yi)及專(zhuan)用工(gong)(gong)(gong)具等,包括各種扳(ban)手、鉗子、錘鑿、刀具等;防爆設備(bei)的(de)(de)自身重量和載(zai)重一般都較大,在實際安(an)裝時首先(xian)要選擇穩(wen)定(ding)、堅固的(de)(de)安(an)裝面(mian)和足以承載(zai)設備(bei)總成(cheng)的(de)(de)支(zhi)撐(cheng)設備(bei)。